[194], Particularly along the north coast of New Guinea and in the islands north and east of New Guinea, the Austronesian people, who had migrated into the area somewhat more than 3,000 years ago, came into contact with these pre-existing populations of Papuan-speaking peoples. In 2010, Australian historian Bronwen Douglas claimed in The Journal of Pacific History that "a strong case could be made for extending Oceania to at least Taiwan, the homeland of the Austronesian language family whose speakers colonized significant parts of the region about 6,000 years ago. In WA, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people make up 3.3 per cent of the population but 40 per cent of the state's prison population. [46][47] For example, Tony deBrum, Foreign Minister for the Marshall Islands, stated in 2014, "not only [is Australia] our big brother down south, Australia is a member of the Pacific Islands Forum and Australia is a Pacific island, a big island, but a Pacific island. [363] Hawaiian exports include food and clothing. With regards to Papuan influence, autochthonous haplogroups support the hypothesis of a long history in Near Oceania, with some lineages suggesting a time depth of 60 thousand years. "[88] British linguist Robert Needham Cust argued in 1887 that the Malay archipelago should be excluded since it had participated in Asian civilization. While it took the global population 12 years to grow from 7 to 8 billion, it will take. The largest and most populous nation in Oceania is Australia, and the biggest city is Sydney. [226], Australia and New Zealand became dominions in the 20th century, adopting the Statute of Westminster Act in 1942 and 1947 respectively. In the politics of Papua New Guinea the Prime Minister is the head of government, and the head of state is the monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a Governor-General. In 2006 Australia left the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) for the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), and their men's team the Socceroos have qualified for every subsequent FIFA World Cup as an Asian entrant. The islands lie on the Nazca Plate with Easter Island and the Galpagos Islands, and have a significant south central Pacific component to their marine fauna. Most of them have little economic or political importance." It corresponds to the following formula: projection, It corresponds to the calculation: projection, It corresponds to the formula: LN(2)/LN(growth/100+1), which produces exactly the same result as LOG, "Fast facts about Australia - Australia in Brief - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade", Current real density based on food growing capacity, Antiviral medications for pandemic influenza, Percentage suffering from undernourishment, Health expenditure by country by type of financing, Programme for International Student Assessment, Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies, Progress in International Reading Literacy Study, Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Oceanian_countries_by_population&oldid=1137423444, Lists of countries by continent, by population, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 4 February 2023, at 15:56. The Oceania group of continent/islands encompasses mainland Australia, Tasmania, island countries of New Zealand, New Caledonia, and Papua New Guinea. As a result, much evidence is based on linguistic analysis. [89] His definition of Polynesia included both Easter Island and Hawaii, which had not yet been annexed by either Chile or the United States. Germany established colonies in New Guinea in 1884, and Samoa in 1900. From 1527 to 1595 a number of other large Spanish expeditions crossed the Pacific Ocean, leading to the arrival in Marshall Islands and Palau in the North Pacific, as well as Tuvalu, the Marquesas Islands, the Solomon Islands archipelago, the Cook Islands, and the Admiralty Islands in the South Pacific. Oceania population is equivalent to 0.54% of the total world population. In 1842, Tahiti and Tahuata were declared a French protectorate, to allow Catholic missionaries to work undisturbed. 2.1 million), and Auckland (pop. [324] Furthermore, 36 percent of the population reported having been born overseas, with top countries being Italy, Lebanon, Vietnam and Iraq, among others. [89] Cust considered Oceania's four subregions to be Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. Urban Population: Population living in areas classified as urban according to the criteria used by each country. [380] The Australian Defence Force is by far the largest military force in Oceania. [70][71] The CIA World Factbook also categorizes Oceania as one of the major continental divisions of the world, but the name "Australia and Oceania" is used. This is a list of the populations of the sovereign states and dependent territories in the geopolitical region of Oceania. PopulationPyramid.net Pirmides Populacionais do Mundo desde 1950 at 2100. [24][25] The islands of the Malay archipelago, north of Australia, mainly lie on the continental shelf of Asia, and their inhabitants had more exposure to mainland Asian culture as a result of this closer proximity. List of cities in Oceania by population City Country Urban area Sydney Australia 4,914,343 Melbourne Australia 4,893,870 Brisbane Australia 2,430,180. New Caledonia sends two representatives to the French National Assembly and two senators to the French Senate. A minority percentage of the population practices traditional religions. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. According to our estimations, daily change rates of Oceania population in 2023 will be the following: As of 1 January 2023, the population of Oceania ", "Melanesian and Asian origins of Polynesians: mtDNA and Y chromosome gradients across the Pacific", "Polynesian origins: Insights from the Y chromosome", Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed, "Cook's Journal: Daily Entries, 22 April 1770", "History of French Polynesia, 1797 to 1889", "Chapter V Affairs in the Western Pacific", "Shoichi Yokoi, 82, Is Dead; Japan Soldier Hid 27 Years", "Parks and Reserves Australia's National Landscapes", "Hawaiian Native Plant Propagation Database", 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T103734840A157467789.en, 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22712695A94343459.en, 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T22703868A118657750.en, "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species", Invasive Species: Animals Brown Tree Snake, "Parrots of Oceania a comparative study of extinction risk", "ENSO: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions", National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory Hurricane Research Division, "Frequently Asked Questions: When is hurricane season? [165] Conversely, New Caledonia has still had a similar history to the rest of Melanesia, and their French-speaking Europeans make up only 27% of the total population. Introduction II. [336] Puerto Rican immigration to Hawaii began in 1899 when Puerto Rico's sugar industry was devastated by two hurricanes, causing a worldwide shortage of sugar and a huge demand for sugar from Hawaii. The country has been broadened by globalisation and immigration specifically from Oceania, Europe, and Asia. [16] Most Oceanian countries are multi-party representative parliamentary democracies, with tourism being a large source of income for the Pacific Islands nations. The attack led to the United States' entry into World War II. "[19], Thomas Sebeok's two volume 1971 book Linguistics in Oceania defines Easter Island, the Galpagos Islands, the Juan Fernndez Islands, Costa Rica's Cocos Island and Colombia's Malpelo Island (all oceanic)[122] as making up a Spanish language segment of Oceania. [368] In 2015, there were 7.4 million visitor arrivals. [383] Charles III is the King of New Zealand and the head of state. In 2011, Hawaii saw increasing arrivals and share of foreign tourists from Canada, Australia, and China increasing 13%, 24% and 21% respectively from 2010. Major Physiographic Features of Oceania [393][394] The divergence and evolution that has occurred in the ensuing centuries has resulted in a distinctive Australian culture. The term, in its widest sense, embraces the entire insular region between Asia and the Americas. [104] The Pacific Islands Handbook (1945), by Robert William Robson, stated that, "Pacific Islands generally are regarded as Pacific islands lying within the tropics. Samoan male dances can be more snappy. All summits over 2,900 m are within the Southern Alps, a chain that forms the backbone of the South Island; the highest peak of which is Aoraki / Mount Cook, at 3,754 metres (12,316ft). [126] The book defined Oceania's major subregions as being Australia, Indonesia (which included all areas associated with the Malay archipelago), Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. Sugar cane processing makes up one-third of industrial activity. The most inclusivebut not always the most usefulembraces about 25,000 land areas between Asia and the Americas. United States Population (LIVE) Vocabulary. Best Countries to Visit in Oceania. There are six cities in Oceania with a population of more than one million inhabitants: Sydney (Australia): 5.3 million inhabitants Melbourne (Australia): 4 million inhabitants Brisbane (Australia): 2 million inhabitants Perth (Australia): 2 million inhabitants Auckland (New Zealand): 1.6 million inhabitants In this book, he included the Aleutian Islands, the Galpagos Islands, the Japanese archipelago, the Kuril Islands and continental islands off the coast of the Americas such as the Channel Islands, the Farallon Islands and Vancouver Island;[141] all of these islands lie in or close to the Pacific Ring of Fire, as is the case with New Guinea and New Zealand, which were also included. [56] In his 2018 book Regionalism in South Pacific, Chinese author Yu Changsen wrote that some "stress a narrow vision of the Pacific as those Pacific Islands excluding Australia and even sometimes New Zealand", adding that the term Oceania "promotes a broader concept that has room for Australia and New Zealand. "[66] The Juan Fernndez Islands and the neighboring Desventuradas Islands are today seen as the easternmost extension of the Indo-West Pacific biogeographic region. The term Oceania is used because, unlike the other continental groupings, it is the ocean that links the parts of the region together. Oceania (UK: / o s i n i , o i-,- e n-/, US: / o i n i / (), /- n-/) is a geographical region that is described as a continent in some parts of the world. Australia was also not included, as it was settled several thousands of years before the arrival of Austronesian-speaking peoples in Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. [411], New Zealand as a culture is a Western culture, which is influenced by the cultural input of the indigenous Mori and the various waves of multi-ethnic migration which followed the British colonisation of New Zealand. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The highest mountain in continental Oceania is the Kosciuszko with 2228 meters above sea level. [270][271], A unique feature of Australia's fauna is the relative scarcity of native placental mammals, and dominance of the marsupials a group of mammals that raise their young in a pouch, including the macropods, possums, and dasyuromorphs. The Japanese were turned back at the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Kokoda Track campaign before they were finally defeated in 1945. For the continent, see, "South West Pacific" redirects here. Sugar exports and the growing tourist industry are the major sources of foreign exchange. Oceania's largest export markets include Japan, China, the United States and South Korea. "[119] In a 1980 report on venereal diseases in the South Pacific, the British Journal of Venereal Diseases categorized the Desventuradas Islands, Easter Island, the Galpagos Islands and the Juan Fernndez Islands as being in an eastern region of the South Pacific, along with areas such as Pitcairn Islands and French Polynesia, but noted that the Galpagos Islands were not a member of the South Pacific Commission, like other islands in the South Pacific. Which includes the present-day countries of Brunei, East Timor, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore. [239] The oldest member disappearing by way of the plate tectonics cycle is early-Cretaceous (145 to 137 million years ago). Migrants (net): The average annual number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants over the preceding five year period (running from July 1 to June 30 of the initial and final years), or subsequent five year period (for 2016 data). Australia carries both metrics largely, with 7.59 million square kilometers, over 7.22 million ahead of New Zealand's 268,000, and holds 26 million of the 45 million, 17 million more than Papua New Guinea. [273] The koala, emu, platypus and kangaroo are national animals of Australia,[274] and the Tasmanian devil is also one of the well-known animals in the country. [446], Australian rules football is the national sport in Nauru. [64][123][321] There are also Creoles formed from the interaction of Malay or the colonial languages with indigenous languages, such as Tok Pisin, Bislama, Chavacano, various Malay trade and creole languages, Hawaiian Pidgin, Norfuk, and Pitkern. Zealand, New Caledonia, and Asia most inclusivebut not always the most about... 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