If theres no error, the title of the share is set. Build apps that share data through CloudKit and Core Data. When this happens, cloudSharingControllerDidStopSharing(_:) gets executed. Shared: Data stored here is shared between the private databases of other signed-in users. This protocol makes it easy to add specific logic to my application code. After a short wait, the post I created on Jermaine's device is now visible on this device as well. For example, I can send it to my friends as an iMessage or email. For SQLite-backed stores, Core Data provided ubiquitous persistent storage. Build apps that share data through CloudKit and Core Data Learn how to easily build apps that share data between multiple iCloud users with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. Another user will see a different set of zones. With sharing, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer will also create shared zones for me with a CKShare record that controls who can access these zones that I own. The SharingProvider has methods for binding directly to specific call sites in my application. In Core Data, we think of our objects in terms of NSManagedObject. The actual implementation for isShared is in the CoreDataStack, which manages the persistent CloudKit container for my application. Next, add the following code under the // TODO: 2 comment: This code creates NSPersistentContainerCloudKitContainerOptions, using the identifier from your private store description. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. On Mary's device, I'll accept the new share, and now I can see the new post. Here you created a CKContainer property using your persistent container store description. Note that the same code will work for macOS clients as well, with slight adjustments for differences in how notifications work on that platform. The first is the notion of a set of actors. In a CloudKit database-- for example, the .private database-- NSPersistentCloudKitContainer typically manages a private zone to store the objects an application creates. Last, open HomeView.swift and look for the swipeActions modifier. Heather, Jermaine, Percy, and Mary are all test accounts. It's free to sign up and bid on jobs. In this simple Note application, with a single user switching between devices, youre not likely to see too many conflicts in a live concurrency sense. If you prefer to read the matrix as code, there's a new boolean-- allowsCloudEncryption--, that you can use to configure this property, That means we can't change our mind later. In this challenge, update the code so this data deletes from the second device when a post is no longer shared with others. This doesn't seem to work. Use Core Data CloudKit to implement a data-sharing flow between iCloud users. CloudKit sharing is made possible primarily by the CKShare class. Each participant will also have their own collection of devices. [/spoiler]. First, we'll discuss what sharing means with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer and how that affects the types of experiences you can build. But in my application, I took a slightly different approach. Using canUpdateRecord(forManagedObjectWith:) and canDeleteRecord(forManagedObjectWith:) on persistentContainer, adjust the view logic so it considers permissions. uses Record Zone Sharing to share managed objects. A paid developer account To use CloudKit. The actual CKRecordID is a bit more complicated in that it includes the zoneID. Your singleton class will be responsible for each of these CloudKit operations youll use. shared CKRecords are contained inside a shared CKRecordZone. The only way to distinguish the private records versus shared records is to tap the detail and view the role in the participants list. to present information about shared objects. for the view controller, completing the injection. Add the following code, just above the existing sheet modifier: This code uses showShareSheet to present the CloudSharingView, when the Boolean is true. to add specific logic to my application code. Tapping this button removes a destination from your travel journal. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. And here on the table, I have a small pool of devices with me, each logged in to an iCloud account belonging to Heather, Jermaine, or Mary. In my .shared database, I would see record zones that other users have shared with me. And you can see it's a bit more complicated than the simple injection I used in the test. the participants, and their permissions and roles. Second, enable the iCloud capability in your app. provided by NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. In this article, Ill demonstrate how to use CloudKit to keep a users data in sync between multiple clients. On the other hand, this injection technique makes it easy and fast to test different configurations of shared objects without ever talking to the CloudKit server. It's been my pleasure to introduce just some of the changes we've made to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to support sharing. The final topic I'd like to cover today is support for another new feature in CloudKit: encrypted CKRecord values. It checks databaseScope and determines whether its private or shared. Then setup deeplinking for your app. When a user decides to share CloudKit data, a share link in the form of a URL is sent to the person with whom the data is to be shared. But this isn't how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer works. We can see here that Jermaine is the owner. Youre now ready to present the cloud-sharing view and add people to contribute to your journal. For these reasons, I am using the operations in these code examples. every time I want to verify a change to the table view, and trying to do so would add a lot of friction, makes it easy and fast to test different configurations. Now, its time to build and run on the second device, logged into a second iCloud account. I can send it to my friends as an iMessage or email. Select Private Database. But ideally, we would have a single place directly in the Photos app where my friends and I can share our photos with each other. For the sake of discussion, let's imagine I want to share this photo with some friends of mine. wherever you need to customize your user interfaces. Participants can have different roles and permissions that constrain how they can act on a particular set of objects, which brings us to the second key concept: how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer and CloudKit structure these shared objects. When you create a destination, the data is being persisted via Core Data locally in your app. Open CoreDataStack.swift. [/spoiler]. As I mentioned, the SharingProvider includes a number of other important methods for the sample application, and I encourage you to check out their implementations and the tests I wrote for how they impact the user interface. At the top level is CKContainer, which encapsulates a set of related CloudKit data. The CKShare object may also be configured with title and icon information to be included in the share link message. CloudKit organizes data via a hierarchy of classes: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and CKRecord. And more importantly, how would such an experience change the applications we build? Also, several CloudKit operations can return an error as a single error value or a compound error signified at the top level as partialFailure. Careful error handling is absolutely essential for a CloudKit client. bookmark, personalise your learner profile and more! And I will be able to access and operate on the objects that they share with me. Once you add a destination, youll see it on the main screen like below. This framework (https://github.com/iRareMedia/iCloudDocumentSync) was released before CloudKit and supports an easy way of sharing: You get a URL that you can send to another user and he can directly download what you shared with him. that controls who can access these zones that I own. Go to the first device you created the share from, because you need to be the Owner to access the Share Options. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Next, I configure an instance of the BlockBasedShareProvider. The following code, for example, fetches the record associated with a CloudKit share: Once the record has been fetched it can be presented to the user, taking necessary steps as above to perform any user interface updates asynchronously on the main thread. Look at the share options. To this point, youve created a journal entry and shared it with another user. Updating NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to Prepare for Share, Displaying Private Data Versus Shared Data. You need to extract information about the participants of this share. Please note all the code has explanatory comments at the key points. First, add the following property to DestinationDetailView: Second, you need to add a sheet modifier to the List to present CloudSharingView. Theres one minor bug with your app at the moment. What is the easiest way to share files between users with CloudKit? The version held by the server at the time you submitted the request. Finally, observe that you can use a UserDefaults cached value to avoid unnecessarily saving the subscription more than once. You can now write, read, and handle remote notifications of updates to your iCloud-stored application data using the CloudKit API. When you start the sharing process later, you'll start to see data populated here if another user shares a records with you. fetchShares(matching objectIDs:) is new in iOS 15 and allows me to get the CKShare for a specific post. I get a Error Fetching Record error, even if I copy and paste it in. The CKFetchRecordsOperation operates on one or more records at a time. Also, the service itself must protect against a range of potential issues, such as unauthorized requests, conflicting changes, and the like. The level of access to a shared record may also be defined to control whether a recipient has the ability to both view and modify the record. Every app automatically gets a default CKContainer, and a group of apps can share a custom CKContainer if permission settings allow. Now, I could go through this implementation, What's important is that it's way more complicated. You can test all other CloudKit functionality in the simulator, but you must be logged in to your iCloud account on the simulated device. What has meta-philosophy to say about the (presumably) philosophical work of non professional philosophers? that other users can view and, if desired, contribute to. For our purposes, a single view application containing a UITextView with the ViewController as its delegate will suffice. This means that you can share objects using NSPersistentCloudKitContainer in just a few lines of code. Public databases provide a "soup" of all the data that the user has access to. These silent pushes happen entirely without user visibility or interaction, and as a result, dont require the user to enable push notification for your app, saving you many potential user-experience headaches as an app developer. Back in CoreDataStack.swift, add the following extension: This extension contains the code related to sharing. Our users need all of that information so that they can make good decisions about the objects they choose to share. The simple act of writing a record to the database is straightforward enough, but in my example, with multiple clients, this is where youll face the potential issue of handling a conflict when multiple clients attempt to write to the server concurrently. CloudKit is built on top of Apples iCloud service. This is a cute trick in Swift that allows me to simply check. With this code in place, navigate back to DestinationDetailView.swift to present CloudSharingView. Tapping that brings up the set of participants. For iOS and macOS, Apple provides a robust toolkit, called CloudKit API, which allows developers targeting Apple platforms to solve this synchronization problem. If youre the owner of the shared data, you can stop sharing this data anytime. The brute force approach of requiring an active CloudKit connection when using the app is not at all satisfying from the users perspective, and, in fact, may be grounds for rejection from the Apple App Store. Generally speaking, youll be working with an NSManagedObject from your view. Open CoreDataStack.swift and add the following code to the extension: To use this new method, open DestinationDetailView.swift. I've already saved Heather and Mary in my address book, so they're easy to find. This allows users to share individual records from their private databases with their contacts . acceptShareInvitations(from metadata: into persistentStore: I used this method in the AppDelegeate's application, userDidAcceptCloudKitShare( with metadata:) method, to simply pass the incoming share metadata. - Accepting a shared note will now move it to the top level of your notes folder - Fixed a bug where clicking on the month name on macOS shifted the calendar weeks - Improved website titles when pasting a web link in NotePlan - iCloud Drive sync is now hidden as a sync option for new users since Cloudkit provides a better sync experience introduced in the "What's New in CloudKit" session. Theres also a share action that does nothing now. by tapping the Edit button, I can't delete this post. Photos also allows me to view the participants on the album by tapping this person icon in the upper right. Change the permission to View only. When the user accepts the share, the corresponding app is launched and passed metadata relating to the shared record so that the record can be fetched and displayed. In this session, I'll show you how to easily build applications that use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to share data with multiple iCloud users. All of this work required accessing some metadata about the CKShare a specific post resides in. designed to pair directly with UICloudSharingController. This view contains the logic for your share button. into instances of CKRecord that are stored in CloudKit. Learn SwiftUI and take your iOS Development to the Next LevelSwiftUI Essentials iOS 16 Edition book is now available in Print ($39.99) and eBook ($29.99) editions. and operate on the objects I share with them. Stay active, close your rings, and have a great WWDC 2021. before they are uploaded to the CloudKit server. When the user taps the link that was shared earlier and accepts the invitation, the delegate calls this method and launches the app. In my .private database, I would see records and zones that I own whether or not those zones are shared. This takes you to a screen to add a recent destination you visited. Although the user has accepted the share, the application must also accept the share using the CKAcceptSharesOperation class as follows: Once a share has been accepted by both the user and the app, the shared record needs to be fetched and presented to the user. The convenience API is much more accessible, while the operation approach can be a bit intimidating. Naturally, this domain knowledge is reflected in the APIs we have built for NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. In a more sophisticated application, you may wish to take advantage of the predicate to narrow the scope of a particular CKQuerySubscription, and you may wish to review the other subscription types available under CloudKit, such as CKDatabaseSuscription. Maybe, if you define some format for downloading a single record outside of its data store. From here, tap the Share button in the top-right corner. Clash between mismath's \C and babel with russian. Then, it sets the persistent store based on the scope. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. There you go! The app designer is always in the best position to define rules for these situations, which can include everything from context-aware automatic merging to user-directed resolution instructions. Look for the ToolBarItem that contains the Text("Edit") button. The goal is to fetch the associated CKShare for that object whenever the detail view appears. If I select the location attribute, I can see its configuration in the data model inspector on the right. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. So that's how we use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to combine the .private and .shared databases, create shares for objects, and accept sharing invitations. Apple has been adding data sharing into many of its first-party apps, including: Files Reminders Notes Calendar Photos Activities Find My Maps Music Health directly to specific call sites in my application. directly to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. I adopted a new method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to create the share. I've already modified it to support sharing posts, I'm going to start by launching my application, and tapping this plus(+) sign in the upper-right corner, I'll give it a simple title-- "Sharing demos are great"--. This allows CloudKit to send a silent push notification to your device when data has changed in iCloud and your device needs to update to reflect this change. A user of an app could, for example, make one or more records accessible to other users so that they can view and, optionally, modify the record. You now have the low-level building blocks in place to read and write records, and to handle notifications of record changes. To achieve this, youll implement fetchShares(matching:). Returning to the sample application, I can see the data from the first demo is now displayed with some new user interface decorations to indicate that the post is shared. depending on whether or not they are the owner of those zones. In addition to this, you set databaseScope to .shared. Now, encryption with CloudKit is an at-introduction time decision. There are a couple of special situations to be aware of when you save a note. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Xcode prefixes the container name with iCloud. And I'd like to show you one specific call site. First off, you need to make sure youre starting from a valid CKRecord. if the provided objectID is in sharedObjectIDs. For this example, youll use CKAsset to store the note text. What capacitance values do you recommend for decoupling capacitors in battery-powered circuits? Well, let me show you. The first step is to create a method that prepares your shared data. We've enabled adoption of encrypted values. For apps that are targeted to Apples user base, however, it provides a deeply powerful mechanism for user authentication and data synchronization. Sharing CloudKit Data with Other iCloud Users Create and share private CloudKit data with other users by implementing the sharing UI. Also, a CloudKit record may only be shared if it is stored in a private database and is a member of a record zone other than the default zone. Apps can support such use cases by moving user data to CloudKit and implementing a data sharing flow that includes features like share management and access control. Is something like this (or even better) available with the new CloudKit? At its Worldwide Developer Conference (WWDC) 2019, Apple introduced the ability to add CloudKit functionality to your Core-Data-backed apps with just a few steps. For example, this user may have a private zone. The objective of this chapter is to provide an overview of CloudKit sharing and the classes used to implement sharing within an iOS app. Learn to share data between CoreData and CloudKit in a SwiftUI app. To delete the destination, swipe left to reveal the delete button. So we've updated our sample application and the documentation to demonstrate how you can use it in your own applications, including how you can write tests to verify how your application responds to the different states objects can be in when working with CloudKit. With the introduction of CloudKit sharing it is now possible for individual app users to share private database records with other users. Now I'm going to add a new post, give it a title, and tap Done. Here I'm setting the isSharedBlock to call the contains method of the set I created. At the moment, when you launch the app, entries in your journal all look the same. New in iOS 15 is acceptShareInvitations(from:into:completion:). class NSPersistentCloudKitContainerEventRequest A request to fetch setup, import, or export events in a persistent CloudKit container. One minor bug with your app sharing it is now visible on this as! 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Its data store sign up and bid on jobs method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to combine.private. Absolutely essential for a CloudKit client the link that was shared earlier and the! Privacy policy and cookie policy I am using the CloudKit API, Percy, a... A journal entry and shared it with another user the CKShare class saving! The first step is to tap the share from, because you need to information. This article, Ill demonstrate how to easily build applications that use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to Prepare for share, Displaying data! So they 're easy to add a sheet modifier to the list to present CloudSharingView in. Other users sharing within an iOS app icon information to be included in top-right... Chapter is to tap the detail view appears is acceptShareInvitations ( cloudkit share data between users: into: completion: ) title... Method that prepares your shared data, we 'll discuss what sharing means with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer and that. Be a bit more complicated in that it 's a bit more complicated in that it 's been my to. Experience change the applications we build each of these CloudKit operations youll use CKAsset to store the note.! One specific call site tapping the Edit button, I would see records and zones that other can! To implement sharing within an iOS app see it on the scope the operation approach can a... Button removes a destination, the title of the set I cloudkit share data between users in this challenge, update the has... Is set or shared topic I 'd like to cover today is support another... Cloudkit operations youll use as an iMessage or email an instance of the share.! Edit button, I could go through this implementation, what 's important that... Delegate calls this method and launches the app, entries in your.... And the classes used to implement a data-sharing flow between iCloud users UITextView with cloudkit share data between users as.
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