Were all brothers and sisters, and Great Britain, with its large colonies, should certainly recognise that., The European convention on human rights, he adds, is another expression of hope, similar to the universal declaration of human rights, drawn up following the war. He introduced the prosecutions evidence, argued its motions and then cross-examined some of the key defendants. Ferencz is 96. They slid him in the oven, turned on the heat and took him back out. His voice for the first time cracks and his eyes fill with tears. Ferencz, B.: "The 'Immoral' Killing of the Iranian General", New York Times Letter to Editor, January 16, 2020. Benjamin B. Ferencz was born in omcuta Mare, Romania (Nagysomkt, Hungary) on March 11, 1920, to Joseph and Sarah Ferencz. Richard Sonnenfeldt, a Jewish American engineer who served as the United States prosecution teams chief interpreter at the Nuremberg trials, describes what it was like participating in the tribunal; and being assigned to the International Military Tribunal, which was responsible for interrogating some of World War IIs most notorious Nazi leaders. By 1956, Ferencz was ready to return home with his wife and four children. TTY: 202.488.0406. This fight includes convincing the world that countries are stronger and safer together than they are apart, at a time when national interests are increasingly being emphasised over international laws. Life Information. Under the Bush administration, the U.S. signed the treaty, but didn't ratify it. He entered private practice in New York, in partnership with Telford Taylor, but continued with his efforts to guarantee reparations, filing a string of important cases for Holocaust survivors over the next two decades. Acquisition Benjamin B. Ferencz donated his collection to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Oct. 1994. Leave your condolences to the family on this memorial page or send flowers to show you care. Benjamin Berell Ferencz (born March 11, 1920) is an American lawyer. [5], The family settled in New York City, where they lived on the Lower East Side in Manhattan. In April 1948, all 22 remaining defendants were found guilty. Vengeance is not our goal, nor do we seek merely a just retribution. [6] All of the 22 men on trial were convicted; 13 of them received death sentences, of which four were eventually carried out. Fundamental things such as colonialism and slavery, the rights of women, the emancipation of sex, landing on the moon, these were inconceivable not long ago. He soon filed more than 163,000 restitution claims. While still at Harvard, Ferencz had studied jurisprudence with Professor Roscoe Pound, one of the most learned jurists in the world. He is the last surviving prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials. Following the bombing of Pearl Harbour on December 7, 1941 and the USs subsequent entry into the war Ferencz tried to enlist in the US Air Force. Beat him again, and put him back in until he was burnt alive. As the last surviving prosecutor of the Nuremberg trials, he has witnessed more in his lifetime than most. Mr. Ferencz resides in New Rochelle, New York where he continues to strive for universal peace. Ben Ferenzc was born in 1920 in a village in the Carpathian Mountains in Eastern Europe. Upon discovering the secret reports, Ferencz flew to Nuremberg to request authorisation for a new trial. It shows a young man in acourtroom. Their four kids have reached the age of pensioners themselves now. As part of this unit, Ferencz helped liberate and investigate the Buchenwald, Mauthausen and Flossenburg concentration camps, among others. Although rank and file soldiers in the US, France and the UK can be tried for violations of the laws of war, the politicians who send them outto fight and die in violation of the prohibition on the crime of aggressive war remain unaccountable to law., Ferencz is known for saying war makes murderers out of otherwise decent people., Speaking to Al Jazeera ahead of his birthday, he expanded on this idea, saying:We must stop glorifying war. GERTRUDE PINTO OBITUARY. It was called Hells Kitchen because it was hell, says Ferencz. Family and friends can send flowers and condolences in memory of the loved one. Ferencz was honourably discharged from the army in December 1945, having earned five battle stars, and returned to New York, where he married his wife Gertrude on March 31, 1946. Eventually, though, he got into school and proved to be a brilliant student. Holocaust Memorial Museum, specifically to the museums Genocide Prevention Center. They took place in the same courtroom as the International Military Tribunal proceeding, in thePalace of Justice in Nuremberg, a city chosen in part because of its symbolism as the site of the Nazi partys annual rallies and because of the Reichstag session that in 1935 passed the anti-Semitic and racist laws known as the Nuremberg Laws. During World War II, he. Ben Ferencz laughs and says: "And that guy is me, an immigrant boy from Eastern Europe.". Later, he became an advocate of international rule of law and for the . His son, Don Ferencz, says the horrors of the concentration camps traumatised him. The International Military Tribunal prosecution against German Field Marshal, Herman Goering and other leading Nazis was already in progress under the leadership the American Prosecutor, Robert M. Jackson on leave from the US Supreme Court. "We used to come to Florida as snowbirds," he says. But ironically, neither France nor the United Kingdom have ratified the ICCs amendments on the crime of aggression. They had four children. After graduating he joined an anti-aircraft artillery battalion of the US army and received five battle stars from the Pentagon for having not been killed in every major battle in Europe. No time for being shocked, for tears for anything like that, said Ferencz in the 2018 documentary Prosecuting Evil. These were educated people; one was a father of five children. [24], In 2018, Ferencz was the subject of a documentary on his life, Prosecuting Evil, by director Barry Avrich, which was made available on Netflix. His family said the cause was. The Holocaust Encyclopedia provides an overview of the Holocaust using text, photographs, maps, artifacts, and personal histories. 2021: honorary Doctorate awarded by the faculty of law of the, This page was last edited on 23 February 2023, at 23:43. This reference provides text, photographs, charts, maps, and extensive indexes. In that role, he was sent to the concentration camps that had been liberated by the U.S. [6], On Christmas 1945,[7] Ferencz was honorably discharged from the Army with the rank of sergeant. He returned to New York, but was recruited only a few weeks later to participate as a prosecutor (and now made a full Colonel as part of his agreement to go) in the Subsequent Nuremberg Trials in the legal team of Telford Taylor. In 2011, Ferencz delivered a portion of the closing statement in the ICCsfirst trial of the Congolese warlord Thomas Lubanga Dyilo. Register for more free articles. Restitution and indemnification claims (1933-). Ferencz, Dr. Albert Age 87, Captain U.S. Army Air Corp and Portage Park Dentist for 50 years. I was the prosecutor in the biggest murder trial in human history," he explains. Mr. Ferencz resides in New Rochelle, New York where he continues to strive for universal peace. His parents were in an arranged family marriage - they were cousins - and later divorced. His earliest memories are of his small basement apartment in a Manhattan district - appropriately referred to as "Hell's Kitchen." Benjamin B Ferencz, Age 102. Margaret was born in Rankin in 1927. It was ridiculous, but it was symbolic. Without pity or remorse, the SS murder squads killed every Jewish man, woman, and child they could lay their hands on. These institutions would not have existed without a vision of justice that started at Nuremberg.. There is nobody alive in the world with Ferenczs perspective. Ferencz graduated from Harvard in 1943 and was finally inducted into an artillery battalion of the US army. [6], In 1945, he was transferred to the headquarters of General Patton's Third Army, where he was assigned to a team tasked with setting up a war crimes branch and collecting evidence for such crimes. Nowits payback time. He's a tiny man, barely brushing five feet, but a legal giant: the last surviving prosecutor from the Nuremberg trials and a champion of international criminal law who is about to donate millions to the U.S. Ferencz was born on March 11, 1920 in Soncuta-Mare in Romania, and he was a baby when his family emigrated to New York. Phone Number: (561) 856- NPVZ +8 phones. Since retiring, Ferencz has devoted himself to advocating for peace, never tiring of repeating his trademark mantra: Law, not war., Leila Sadat, a professor of law at Washington University School of Law, says: Ben was writing about world peace when it wasnt popular . BBC World Service radio report, aired on October 5, 2021, using recordings of interview from 2017. Hallowell - Beloved Gertrude Charlotte Cleveland Miller died peacefully in her sleep on February 4, 2023, at her home in Granite Hill Estates, Hallowell, Maine having lead an inspired life that impacted many. Reparations Agreement between Israel and West Germany, Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Eleventh emergency special session of the United Nations General Assembly, https://www.jns.org/bipartisan-bill-awards-congressional-gold-medal-to-last-living-nuremberg-prosecutor/, Kriegsverbrechen, Restitution, Prvention. Email Address: b AYLG @peoplepc.com +3 emails. The residency of Gertrude is at 14 Bayberry La, New Rochelle, NY 10804-3402. The Einsatzgruppen were mobile SS death squads that operated in Nazi-occupied Eastern Europe. By the end of 1944, it was clear that the Germans had been committing egregious and large-scale war crimes. But miracles can be performed.. Just after the war, he was assigned to collect evidence in the concentration camps in Europe. He was transferred to an academy for gifted children before studying sociology and criminal justice at the City College of New York. The men in the dock included the infamous lead defendant, SS Brigade Fuhrer Otto Ohlendorf, an economist with a PhD who was the commander of Einsatzgruppen D, which murdered nearly 100,000 people in southern Ukraine and the Caucasus during 1941-1942. Ferencz is here, in the punishing late. He explains how Nuremberg could have been a one-time event of victorious allies prosecuting the losing side., Instead, he explains, Ferencz worked hard to create international institutions that would be permanent in nature. There is also a poster of a documentary made by a German director last year. He was previously married to Gertrude Fried. He held the position of Adjunct Professor of International Law at Pace University in White Plains, NY, and is founder and Executive Director of the Peace Center. The city's Deputy Mayor Saskia Bruines (International Affairs) traveled to Washington to symbolically present the street sign to Ferencz. Ferencz's father was a janitor who graduated to house painting. gertrude ferencz obituary. The stage was set for what the Associated Press at the time described as the biggest murder trial in history. She has supported me all my life, lived many years with me in Germany. [9] The way to tackle politicians who peddle hate, he continues, is to try to change the opinions you dont agree with through compassion, compromise and courage. She was united in marriage to Fred J. Knode May 3, 1941, in. He says he told himself: I do not want to forget what I came to Germany for.. It is with great sadness that we announce the death of Addie Gertrude Parker Moses (Durham, North Carolina), who passed away on February 25, 2023, at the age of 92, leaving to mourn family and friends. It's called "A Man Can Make A Difference." The EHRI Project is supported by the European Commission, Jewish Restitution Successor Organization. [10] In this vein, he has suggested in an interview given on August 25, 2006, that not only Saddam Hussein should be tried, but also George W. Bush because the Iraq War had been begun by the U.S. without permission by the UN Security Council. He was an investigator of Nazi war crimes after World War II and the chief prosecutor[1] for the United States Army at the Einsatzgruppen Trial, one of the 12 Subsequent Nuremberg Trials held by the U.S. authorities at Nuremberg, Germany. . After this success, Taylor promoted Ferencz to the position of executive counsel, managing the conclusion of the remaining Nuremberg trials. She and her husband George raised their two daughters and six sons in Elizabeth Township. I got lucky on the stock market and lived very modest, hesays, explaining his wealth. Gertrude Ferencz is a few months older than her husband. By the 1970s, Ferencz was no longer looking just to prosecute those accused of committing atrocities; he was also focusing on prevention. At Harvard, he studied under Roscoe Pound[7] and also did research for Sheldon Glueck who, at that time, was writing a book on war crimes. Records show that Gertrude has one phone number, (561) 499-8642 (Bellsouth Telecommunications, LLC), The residency of Gertrude is at 14 Bayberry La, New Rochelle, NY 10804-3402. Of course. Two persons, including Benjamin B Ferencz, Benj B Ferencz, listed the phone number (914) 636-1486 as their own, various documents indicated. After George [10] He also suggested that Bush should be tried in the International Criminal Court for '269 war crime charges' related to the Iraq War. Dalton . Born in Duquesne on January 22, 1939, he was the son of. Apart from East Germany, they were the last executions performed on German soil, and in the federal republic. [9], Ferencz stayed in Germany after the Nuremberg Trials, together with his wife Gertrude,[6] whom he had married in New York[10] on March 31, 1946. They have four children. There were 3,000 men who, for two years, murdered people, including children and infants, Ferencz recalls with a memory that defies his years. But his path towards a pioneering career in war crimes prosecution and peace advocacy was not immediately clear. Bens qualities of individuality, tenacity and pluck are crucial as we look ahead to face the challenges of future generations.. Ferencz was honourably discharged from the army in December 1945, having earned five battle stars, and returned to New York, where he married his wife Gertrude on March 31, 1946. He lives in Florida. [8] After his studies, he joined the U.S. Army. In the back of the bungalow, he has a small study with a computer overlooking a lake. Ferencz was 27 when the case began and apparently not tall enough for the lectern without elevation. There was no time for emotion. From 1985 to 1996, he was adjunct professor of international law at Pace University. Was I worried? He was 92. . He points to a black and white picture on the wall. I have never heard of a war that does not kill the innocent.. His job duties also consisted of unceremoniously cleaning toilets and scrubbing pots and floors. He talks about upholding law not war, where Theresa May is going wrong and how to deal with Donald Trump. Born May 10, 1931, in Huntingdon County, she was a daughter of the late Gertrude Elizabeth (Yohn) and Ira Wendell Noble. Ferenczs primary objective had been to establish a legal precedent that would encourage a more humane and secure world in the future. Email Address: See available information. It is a disappointment shared by his son, Don Ferencz, who told Al Jazeera:By failing to join as a member of the ICC, the United States has turned its back on the lessons of Nuremberg. Terms and Conditions . Mr. Ferencz married Gertrude Ferencz (ne Fried) in 1946, and is father to four children; Carol, Robin, Donald, and Nina. You know how I got witness statements? Gertrude Ferencz Death | Obituary | Gertrude Ferencz Dead | Died | Funeral Plans - We heard about the great loss, that our beloved person is no more and has reportedly passed away. She was born on 1919-11-10. Its unimaginable. My dad is a guy who has been traumatised by what he saw, smelt and felt with his own eyes, ears and hands, he told the documentary makers. He landed on the beaches of Normandy during the D-day offensive; broke through the German defences on the Maginot and Siegfried lines; crossed the Rhine at Remagen; and took part in the Battle of the Bulge at Bastogne. Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)--Reparations . Most wars are fought against another group, the other. But, Don points out, he has never been officially recognised by the US government. We were trying to show people how horrible it is if you take a leader whos very charismatic, and unquestionably follow him, even to murdering little children. While he has never sought accolades, he has received many. Unfortunately, the public isnt interested in things like distant courts in distant places, argued by lawyers who are quibbling about obscure phrases in complex law., On sovereignty and nationalism, Ferencz says the popularity of figures such as Trump, Marine Le Pen and Nigel Farage was never beyond the realms of possibility. All Obituaries - Teichart-Gracan Funeral Home offers a variety of funeral services, from traditional funerals to competitively priced cremations, serving Duquesne, PA and the surrounding communities. Nittany Medical Center. [38][39], In September 2022, Ferencz appeared in the Ken Burns documentary, "The U.S. and the Holocaust. Phone Number: (561) 499- UGOE +1 phone. Ferencz became Chief Prosecutor for the United States in The Einsatzgruppen Case, which the Associated Press called the biggest murder trial in history. Twenty-two defendants were charged with murdering over a million people. You begin at the earliest level. Since the second world war, Ferencz has stayed busy, leading efforts to return property to Holocaust survivors, participating in reparations negotiations between Israel and West Germany. The last name Ferencz is often misspelled as Ferenez, Ferenz, Roaf, Roof, Serencz, Jos, Radovichorvath, Ovalle Slade, O'slade, Fellechner, Sholler, Ference, Radovic, Ovalle, Oslade, Radovic-horvath, Nashinsky, Kilar, 1997-2023 OfficialUSA.comThis website is not affiliated with the United States Government or any Federal or State government agency. I had peered into Hell.. It was through this work that Ferencz began to develop an expertise in the burgeoning area of war crimes law. Within two days they shot more than 30,000 Jews in the ravine Babi Yar close to Kiev, which then belonged to the Soviet Union. Ferencz was born on March 11, 1920,[2][3][4] in Csolt, Szatmr County, Kingdom of Hungary, located close to the historical Transylvania region (today part of omcuta Mare, Romania) into a Jewish family. Ferencz married his teenage sweetheart Gertrude Fried, in New York in 1946. Primarily, the material concerns the efforts of Ferencz to obtain restitution for real, material, and capital property lost by B'nai B'rith during World War II. After Ben graduated from Harvard Law School in 1943, he joined an anti-aircraft artillery battalion preparing for the invasion of France. Benjamin Ferencz discusses his experiences as a Hungarian-born American lawyer who investigated Nazi war crimes after WWII and served as Chief Prosecutor for the United States Army at the Einsatzgruppen Trial in Nuremberg, Germany. But, for Ferencz, it was a matter of particular disappointment that the US, despite playing a significant role at Nuremberg, did not ratify the ICC Statute. Florence, MA Gertrude Fischer, 78 passed away at Linda Manor in Northampton on November 22, 2021. Apt, perhaps, for a man who has spent his life trying to correct a world turned upside down by war and mans inhumanity to man. He was present at, or arrived soon after, the liberation of concentration camps including Buchenwald, Mauthausen, Flossenbrg and Ebensee, scouring the barbarous scenes for evidence of Nazi wrongdoing to present at trial. Gertrude Fried Birth 5 Feb 1920 Death 29 Mar 2009 (aged 89) Burial. Those are the three legs on which civilisation stands. Peters, both of Munster. Ferencz, a native of Cleveland, VMFA (AW)-242's executive officer and pilot, and Hines, of Richmond, Va., was the squadron's schedules officer at the time of the accident. When he got older he found, as many of us do, the joys of whisky, in his case Scotch single malts. Thats me at the Nuremberg trial. When you are a part of the other, youre less inclined to attack it. We first published this story on September 28, 2016. [31], On June 22, 2021, he became the first recipient of the Pahl Peace Prize[32] in Liechtenstein. Wars shouldnt be glorified, but recognized as what they are, he says. People always have differences of opinion, and when the shoe hurts the foot theyve got to kick somebody, and theyre not always rational. You know why? It wasnt about vengeance. He is survived by his wife, Connie (Cortazzo) Ferencz; daughters, Shari. Crime was the neighborhood's chief industry. Ferencz is the author of numerous monographs, articles, and commentaries, primarily on matters of international law, the need for an international criminal court, and world peace. Learn about over 1,000 camps and ghettos in Volumes I-III of this encyclopedia, which are available as a free PDF download. This database might contain special categories of Personal Data and Personal Data relating to criminal convictions or offences, which according to article 9, section 2 under j GDPR and article 24 and 32 under f of the UAVG (Dutch personal data protection act) can be used for research purposes only on the condition that there are appropriate safeguards for the rights and freedoms of the data subject. At that time, he was not familiar with using a typewriter, and he couldn't fire a weapon. When Ferencz was ten months old, his family emigrated to the United States, which, according to his own account, was to avoid the persecution of Hungarian Jews by Romania after Romania gained formal control of Transylvania and Eastern Hungary. From there, he received a scholarship to Harvard, where he started in the Autumn of 1940. It would be the ninth of the 12 Subsequent Nuremberg trials, and would see 24 commanders of Einsatzgruppen units face charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity. As a combat soldier Ferencz fought in every. You would save billions every day and be able to take care of refugees who dont have a home, students who cant afford tuition, the poor and the elderly. [5], An International Criminal Court was indeed established on July 1, 2002, when the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court came into force. Think of all the money we are wasting on preserving the outdated nuclear weapons, which nobody knows what to do with and which are obsolete., He remains optimistic about societys inevitable advancement, however. He did so by winning a scholarship to Harvard law school. In 1948, while still working out of his Nuremberg prosecution office, Ferencz took over the leadership of the Jewish Restitution Successor Organization, becoming the connective tissue between Holocaust prosecutions and reparations. Special loving companion of Patty Coljohn. His business card actually says: Law, not war.. So they moved into the dank cellar of a tenement house in Hells Kitchen, one of the nations poorest and most crime-ridden neighbourhoods. [18], In 2009, Ferencz was awarded the Erasmus Prize, together with Antonio Cassese; the award is given to individuals or institutions that have made notable contributions to European culture, society, or social science. From the UKs vote to leave the EU, to the election of Donald Trump; from the UNs stand-off with Syria and its allies for atrocities committed in its civil war to a colossal refugee crisis, peace and security have not seemed this unstable since the second world war. It was tabulated that over a million persons were deliberately murdered by these special action groups, or Einsatzgruppen. He continues to be a force for good, last autumn donating $1m (800,000) to the Holocaust museums genocide prevention centre, a gift he has pledged to repeat annually for up to 10 years. 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