Published by Macmillan Journals Limited, 4 Little Essex Street, London, WC2R 3LF. It is not clear to me to this day who coined the term ozone hole and when and where it was done. Their work could shed light on a poorly understood, but ominous This cold, dense water lurks below all the other water. This means that we may include adverts from us and third parties based on our knowledge of you. Any type of area with caves are otherwise considered to be on federal government property. The contention continues thatAdmiral Byrddid make a trip inside the North Pole entrance to the Hollow Earth in 1926. 2. Copyright 2023 CBS Interactive Inc. All rights reserved. Some of the Special Reports available at the. Every time I see [the pilots], they wave and smile. It would balloon in size over the weeks to come, reaching 31,000 square miles (roughly the size of Ireland) by late October before it merged with the open ocean as Antarctic sea ice retreated with the onset of summer. It seems to not only be melting on the ocean edges, but also from underneath, and warmer ocean waters are infiltrating. In 1964, Dr. Raymond W. Bernard, was a leader of the Rosicrucians, who are members of a worldwide cabal, especially the Ancient Mystic Order, Rosae Crucis and the Rosicrucian Order, focused his research on old magical, philosophical, and religious teachings, concerned with the application of these doctrines to modern life. We were looking for, at most, a few percent change in ozone and we werent necessarily looking in Antarctica. Press, 1984). Anderson, J. G. et al. At 3:29 p.m. on November 28, 1929, Byrd, the pilot Bernt Balchen, and two others took off from Little America in the Floyd Bennett, headed for the South Pole. & Rowland, F. S. Nature 249, 810812 (1974). First Steps to Recovery. Scientists have peered into one of the least-explored swaths of ocean on Earth, a vast region located off the coast of West Antarctica. CBS News climate and weather contributor Jeff Berardelli reports that the cavity is likely a significant finding because the West Antarctic ice sheet is considered one of the most unstable and vulnerable. The retired petty officer, 59, claimed to have been seen UFOs, aliens and a giant hole in the ice as he flew through a "no fly zone" in Antartica. Total ozone has been measured at the British Antarctic Survey stations, Argentine islands and Halley Bay since 1957. Its messed up right here, right now in Memphis. "We're really talking about a water system that is connected to the whole Earth system. A team of scientists from New Zealand began this two-month expedition in November. So said the great explorer, Admiral Richard Byrd. Some complained we shouldnt use that term, but once you let that term out of the bag, there was no going back. The retired petty officer, 59, claimed to have been seen UFOs, aliens and a giant hole in the ice as he flew through a "no fly zone" in Antartica. Soc. Only twice before have humans pierced the deep interior of the Ross Ice Shelf to study its underlying ocean. NASA said the hole is large enough to have held 14 billion tons of ice -- the majority of which has melted during the last three years. And this is worth exploring, Holland said, because the polynyas delivery of ocean heat to the surface, followed by the sinking of that water as it becomes cooler and denser, plays an important role in global ocean circulation. Their work could shed light on a poorly understood, but ominous episode in Antarcticas recent past. In 2007, Scripps Institution of Oceanography glaciologist Helen Amanda Fricker connected the elevation changes measured by ICESat to the dynamics of the lakes deep beneath the ice surface. And that could provide another chance to investigate when this area was free of ice in the past, says Scherer: Im very interested to see what the Kiwis find., Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. "The reason stated because of a air sampling camp in that area. US Navy pilot tells of an Ancient Alien City found in Antarctica. When the polynya was first spotted in mid-September, it spanned about 3,700 square milesmore than twice the area of Rhode Island. You had to learn how to find the right 9 track tape in a room full of tapes, and its really ironic to look at it today because the satellite was taking about 5 GB of data per year and at that time, when you said that, people were overwhelmingly impressed and now I think a lot of people probably run that through their smartphone every month. As always you can unsubscribe at any time. The outside temperature recorded was 74 degrees F. His airplane was welcomed by machines of a type he had never actually seen before. The study shows that when winds surrounding Antarctica draw closer to shore, they promote stronger upward mixing in the eastern Weddell Sea. Fricker's breakthrough opened up the possibility of tracking the lake system over time. Res. The growing cavity sits in West Antarctica at the bottom of Thwaites Glacier, which is about as big as Florida and contains enough ice to contribute more than 2 feet to sea level rise, NASA said. He was killed for his knowledge. Concerns were raised, really, in the 1960s and 70s that substances that we were manufacturing, in particular chlorofluorocarbons the CFCs might put chlorine high into the atmosphere where it could then photocatalytically interact with the ozone and destroy ozone. Scientists have discovered two new lakes buried deep beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Benedick, R. A. Ozone Diplomacy: New Directions in Safeguarding the Planet (Harvard Univ. If a big storm rolls through and clears away the overlying sea ice, it can then cause this warm water to mix with the cooler, fresher water floating atop the Lazarev sea. In a statement to WMC, FedEx said: Our thoughts remain focused on the well-being of our team member. An essential round-up of science news, opinion and analysis, delivered to your inbox every weekday. Now, a team of researchers think they know what caused it. Get browser notifications for breaking news, live events, and exclusive reporting. It sits in a broad, low bowl that dips thousands of feet below sea levelmaking it vulnerable to deep, warm ocean currents that are already nipping at its outer edges. Environment | News releases | Research | Science, The hole in the sea ice offshore of the Antarctic coast as seen by a NASA satellite on Sept. 25, 2017.NASA Worldview/NASA Blue Marble. Update: This article has been updated to clarify that the cyclone in question formed in the Weddell sea, but migrated east over the Lazarev sea where it generated a polynya. The regional atmospheric conditions then can be the trigger in a specific winter season.. Farman, J. C., Gardner, B. G. & Shanklin, J. D. Nature 315, 207210 (1985). Welcome to the Hollow Earth Research Society, Admiral Richard Byrd andthe Hollow Earth. They claimed that to be the protectors of planet Earth to protect its inhabitants from the scurrilous activities of the power brokers and nefarious government agencies with impure agendas. A UFO whistleblower claims he saw the entrance to a top secret alien base hidden deep in the Antarctic. "As more heat and water get under the glacier, it melts faster.". Unauthorized use is prohibited. The two plus signs show the location of oceanographic robots that were trapped in a spinning column of water above an underwater mountain known as Maud Rise.AMSR2-ASI/University of Bremen. Nature 321, 755758 (1986). Though even bigger gaps had formed decades before, this was the first time oceanographers had a chance to truly monitor the unexpected gap in Antarctic winter sea ice. What we discovered at our Antarctic station was quite curious. (Learn about the Maine-size hole in Antarctica.). Article IE 11 is not supported. A student lowered his camera 93 meters into the ground in Antarctica while collecting ice that's estimated to be over two million years old. 10, 94519472 (2010). Two SOCCOM instruments were trapped in the vortex above Maud Rise and recorded years of observations there. During WWII, it was a sanctuary for U-Boats and remained one of the few areas in the oceans bereft of a strong Allied military presence. And now, ozone in the news. Children from Ukraine are being used in Russia's pro-war rally, This disease took decades to plummet. After the shooting, 23-year-old Dillon Munn rushed to check on his mother. Large losses of total ozone in Antarctica. The ethnographic museum of the past is making its way to the exit.. Nature 328, 408411 (1987). Multiple rounds went into the front bedroom. In an email to Mrs Howe, 75, he said: "Another unique issue with South Pole station is that our aircraft was not allowed to fly over a certain area designated five miles from the station. What was precisely discovered has always been shrouded in mystery, but it may have been astonishing. The new study was published July 7 in the journal Geophysical Research Letters. After lowering the sediment corer through the borehole, the scientists then lowered it through about 1,600 feet of seawater below the floating ice shelf. Lett. Using a combination of satellite observations and climate models, the research team led by NYUADs Diana Francis determined that the polynyas opening coincided with a cyclone roughly equivalent in strength to a powerful tropical stormforming over the Maud Rise. All of these changes are puzzle pieces in scientists' understanding of the speed and direction of Antarctica's ice sheet flow. The Ross Ice Shelf is considered more stable, at present, than many of West Antarcticas other floating shelvesand this observation could help explain that: if a few inches of sea water periodically freezes onto the bottom of its ice, this could buffer it from thinning more rapidly. We are cooperating fully with the investigating authorities at this time.. Explore a billion-year-old volcanic mystery on Lake Superior, A journey of the senses through Abu Dhabi. Bats and agaves make tequila possibleand theyre both at risk. Did you encounter any technical issues? According to their claims, polar explorer Richard E. Byrd and co-pilot Floyd Bennett fly over the North Pole on this day in the Josephine Ford, a triple-engine Fokker We also may change the frequency you receive our emails from us in order to keep you up to date and give you the best relevant information possible. For an optimal experience visit our site on another browser. The Goddard team was scooped and they knew it. He allegedly made the bizarre sightings between 1983 and 1997 when he was stationed with the Antarctic Development Squadron. Not according to biology or history. FedEx employs more than 5,500 of the worlds most experienced pilots. She lives right across the street from where the FedEx pilot was hit by gunfire. In that region, an underwater mountain known as Maud Rise forces dense seawater around it and leaves a spinning vortex above. He allegedly made the bizarre sightings between 1983 and 1997 when he was stationed with the Antarctic Development Squadron. Scientists will leave sensors in the hole to better understand the long-term changes in the ice, which may have big implications for global sea level. Police said the pilot, whose identity has not been released, was rushed to Regional One in non-critical condition, hit in the back near his right shoulder. This thinning of the ozone layer over Antarctica came to be known as the ozone hole. The harvesting of fish and plant life are also affected. Over forty ships, including the Navys crown jewel, Mount Olympus, the aircraft carrier, Philippine Sea, the seaplane tender,Pine Sea, the submarine, Senate, the destroyer, Bronson, the ice breaker, North Wind, and other tanker and supply ships. It was very clear when we first looked at the data that weve got an ozone decline and I think thats probably the term we used a decline in ozone above the Antarctic and it wasnt really until you got the satellite images that you could see oh, theres a hole there. 33, L10812 (2006). Google Scholar. The ice holeknown as a polynya in the parlance of sea ice researcherswas likely caused by a powerful cyclone that spun up in Antarcticas It comes after sensational claims surfaced that NASA was hiding a "sinister secret" about the moon. They were the ancient remains of photosynthetic organisms that had once lived in the sea before dying and settling to the bottom. In January 2015, UFO researcher Linda Moulton-Howe (editor of the earthfiles.com website) Atmos. PubMed This certainly had more of a military signature rather than an innocent exploration. Scientists were fascinated and puzzled by feature, which hadnt appeared at this scale since the 1970s. Other co-authors on the paper are Kent Moore at the University of Toronto, who was the 2016-17 Canada Fulbright Visiting Chair in Arctic Studies at the UW; Casey Brayton at the University of South Carolina; and Lynne Talley and Matthew Mazloff from Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. In any given year you could have several of these things happen, but unless you get them all, then you dont get a polynya.. The Southern Ocean is thought to play a key role in global ocean currents and carbon cycles, but its behavior is poorly understood. Mysterious Land Beyond the Poles The True Origin of the Flying Saucers. But the events in 2016 and 2017 forced us to reevaluate that, said lead author Ethan Campbell, a UW doctoral student in oceanography. My name is Richard Stolarksi, and Im a research scientist whos worked on ozone for many years. It is locked beneath a crust of ice larger than Spain and more than 1,000 feet thick, making its waters perpetually darkand extremely difficult for humans to access. After drilling out the borehole, the scientists lowered a sediment corer and an attached video camera through the ice shelf. Phys. If you're trying to subscribe with a non-UW email address, please email uwnews@uw.edu for assistance. Its European Space Agency equivalent, CryoSat-2, collected similar data starting in 2010 but over a broader area and with less precision. The idea that cyclones can trigger the polynya raises the possibility that it will crop up more often in the future, with rising temperatures expected to intensify polar cyclone activity. In September 2018, NASA launched a new satellite, ICESat-2, which collects the highest-precision data yet. In order to survive, the organisms would have to feed on floating material from other animals or plants, because it is impossible for plants to photosynthesize in the sunless seawater. Cline Heuz, a physical oceanographer at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, told Earther in a phone interview that other recent research has shown 2017 to be quite an intense year in the Southern Ocean with respect to storm activity. While Heuz said that the new studys findings make sense, shes keen to learn more about the role that the ocean plays, which is why she recently had a student trek out and deploy an autonomous profiler to measure temperature and salinity in the Maud Rise area. When he spoke out about some of the sights he has seen and experienced, governments were quick to attempt to assassinate his character. Farman et al. Many are military veterans. Article Some of the Special Reports available at the de Zafra, R. L. et al. These lakes fill and drain over and over again in largely mysterious cycles that may influence how fast the ice sheet moves and how and where meltwater reaches the Southern Ocean. Unlike in Greenland, where meltwater flows from the ice surface through crevasses and holes called moulins, Antarctica's lakes form from beneath the ice, probably as a result of pressure, friction and perhaps geothermal heat. These hidden gems of frigid water are part of a vast network of ever-changing lakes hidden beneath 1.2 to 2.5 miles (2 to 4 kilometers) of ice on the southernmost continent. So, after the discovery of the 1985 ozone hole, there was already scheduled a set of negotiations over chlorofluorocarbons to reduce, but not ban, the production of chlorofluorocarbons, and what the discovery of the ozone hole does is demonstrate that there really is a problem and probably helped accelerate the negotiations that were already ongoing. Investigators said they found .223 caliber shell casings at the scene, the kind of bullets used in an AR-15 or other style rifle. She's revealed the secrets to maintaining a youthful glow and looking glamorous, World Cup's sexiest fan wows in barely-there bikini as followers call her 'breathtaking', Former Miss Croatia Ivana Knoll continues to wow her millions of followers as she asks "watermelon or peach?" 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We were able, in a very short time, to put together a lot of pieces and to draw a much clearer picture of how this part of the Earths system works and what might affect it and what might not affect it. In 1925 there was a singular man on a mission to explore desolate lands rarely seen by humans to that time Admiral Richard Byrd. "It's not just the ice sheet we're talking about," study leader Matthew Siegfried, a geophysicist at the Colorado School of Mines, said in a statement. Its been quite fascinating going back, particularly along the Antarctic Peninsula, on various trips. Nature Geosci. After the shooting, 23-year-old Dillon Munn rushed to check on his mother. So, when the Goddard folks mapped all these flags of potentially bad data, they were all over the Antarctic, exactly where the British Antarctic Survey said it should be. Who created it? A mans world? The West Antarctic Ice Sheet is up to 10,000 feet thick in some places. Dr. Bernard released, The Hollow Earth The Greatest Geographical Discovery in History. Im pretty sure they aint out here riskin it.. 101, 38853890 (1996). HighJump has become a contentious subject among UFO conspiracy theorists, who claim it was a covert US army project to control supposed secret underground Nazi establishments in Antarctica and catch the German Vril flying discs, or Thule mercury-powered spaceship prototypes. It is stabilized, at least for the time being, by a phalanx of floating ice shelves, that hang off its outer edgesof which the Ross Ice Shelf is by far the largest. Thats likely no accident. The aviator was staying in a home in Sherwood Forest, a neighborhood right next to the University of Memphis Park Avenue campus. Mrs Howe, who has been awarded for her paranormal investigations, said she was contacted several times by the whistleblower. Thompson, D. W. J. et al. But he believes it could also have collapsed as recently as 120,000 years ago, the last time that temperatures were about as warm as they are today. I was with NASA for 35 years, and I had just come off of a stint as a low-level manager and was just getting back into doing some real science, and we had people who had been taking satellite data of ozone. The lakes grow and shrink beneath the ice. They then lowered cameras and other instruments through the holes, into the waters below. Copyright 2023 WMC via Gray Media Group, Inc. All rights reserved. He is considered to have been an extremely brave and honest man. Old cells hang around as we age, doing damage to the body. This machine generated a powerful jet of hot water, which they used to melt two narrow holes, each a few inches across, more than 1,100 feet down to the bottom of the ice. Admiral Richard Byrd created a fantastic reputation in the history of the US Navy. It seems the animals attached to the boulder drifted there as microscopic larvae, and then grew into their adult forms: life is everywhere and the environment selects the species that eventually thrive., A future stage will be to determine if the animals are similar to those in the open ocean, or if they had evolved to live where they are now, Priscu said in an email. This deep reservoir of carbon has been locked away for hundreds of years, and in a polynya it might get ventilated at the surface through this really violent mixing, Campbell said. It is said that there is a US regulation to prevent citizens from checking out caverns and holes in the polar regions. These hidden gems of frigid water are part of a vast network of ever-changing New AI may pass the famed Turing test. Today, 33 years later, the ozone hole is showing its first signs of recovery. There it is. And, of course, there was nothing there. The ban actually took a number of more years to negotiate and became possible as more evidence that chlorofluorocarbons were actually responsible for the ozone hole was developed by the scientific research that was going on. The lakes sit at the bottom of the ice sheet, where the ice meets the rocky Antarctic continent. Changes in the ice surface of the Amery Ice Shelf in Antarctica reveal the rapid draining of a lake deep below in 2019. A National Geographic team has made the first ascent of the remote Mount Michael, looking for a lava lake in the volcanos crater. Heres why each season begins twice. Warmer, saltier water from the depths gets churned up to the surface, where air chills it and makes it denser than the water below. The site of the polynyadirectly above an enormous undersea mountain known as the Maud Risemade it especially intriguing, as similar giant polynyas had been spotted in the same location in satellite imagery from the 1970s. Large and long-lasting polynyas can also affect the atmosphere, because deep water contains carbon from lifeforms that have sunk over centuries and dissolved on their way down. Scientic Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2018 Report No. Will this ever be confirmed, given the iron grip on exploration now exercised by governments? Google Scholar. Live Science is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Computers were just coming in. My name is Erik Conway. Campbell joined the UW as a graduate student in 2016 to better understand this mysterious phenomenon. A polynya, a Russian word that roughly means hole in the ice, can form near shore as wind pushes the ice around. Conspiracy theorists have actually interpreted these written remembrances as clear evidence that Richard Byrd did actually uncover an entry to the center of the planet. Atmos. A vast amount of aquatic life has its beginnings. Already, researchers are finding the links between the under-ice lakes and the ocean: In January, a study co-authored by Fricker found that the drainage of one lake on the Amery Ice Shelf in East Antarctica flushed as much as 198 billion gallons (750 billion liters) into the ocean in only three days, Live Science reported at the time. These are the first observations to prove that even a smaller polynya like the one in 2016 moves water from the surface all the way to the deep ocean. Susan Solomon is in the Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. His hosts informed him that he had actually been allowed to enter Agartha (their term for the hollow earth) because of his high moral and ethical status. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. 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Stevens and his colleagues hoped to assess the health of the Ross Ice Shelf by measuring water temperatures and ocean currents beneath itthereby determining how quickly ice is melting off its underside. And, of course, there was nothing there. 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