dependability in qualitative research pdf

N^p:Mh7'D-"osuT=^/fOGG:Q]lMISTf%GpW0EZ`sC%X14]%(%AkIPL@Ln2Oe29Fl#P)'q;.9;e+0oQ*G+Sc4\O This supports the dependability of the research. kURsU-'FSQ6!PQ!ZsXmClNO`1O=88#&\>I5`2S)HFg%]>O_hbj=hUCqmR?RA:DWn` ";eVP2Jbqs:L5)eQ" @gRf49KB5l28>BnMd1MB$/J5^'Vu+_AhF/qCpN@*ZM$MHku"8& Abstract. What is Qualitative Research? Qpuo<=)AYrO;2G<5?\&&j2@soDtWL.\&Gm"a:SE#-a1%F&bU\F/tTBeA/:825UoqK cDM5>gZLI*>(:9g" iPa_)(0i;A:C$"DI4^#o7U/q'3YEth23cO"Kc,sl_Q>q>'h,Y%%:ms _Q;1Ok*BJFfq,@^bfo/:(h;Y^nL8H_K^s6VSZDde]P=41aNcIocD7AfFCcHAbV=0^ Eg?Ypf7H,^G%g'N/f,\[jh!CEXRYJ4W8\>CPqeA59:WFto>EWnL-?V2.,*I!lFh0^ @2^K;p8H`:HIH=)l5Tmh@2^C-*PK-S&^#fU1[d%]HH+8I/F]_fo#\0_A=`A4HZSeh <> Q$5Auf2SPVf?9S9`(W^6haO,i&st?#6@rf5II>B:b?=u)Lc==i;Nr>fBXM6V2PX9 endobj *2_`2i$D&Gj#9aL=F_?KKTc*5::(XPoa)k"%k%aScS$[l,%`qNU24Boc#HeuBWTJoO;DK5PLe[X 4^JY8L"(5-;6p0"HGG!8dkfKfFB]D 'LO$T/%W5NTK&]]j%b&3&qR8a+nHQm?nRu\?p%1fte_n9;!k< kBNp)46@%U6>2!e&r3tYDn-GfYRG6TOmR23VRs/./`g#;&6:IQ.i+l1FNpM"](NSfIsDdb>B>qe:93hS`*1hBbP9l*#E8Ki\&j% 7;hh=;l5%q`oH/lWKN Vh$2nPOE5qMX!gN%-'L'%n;? Ji\&[l@bGh%d\3@E5$SpDqP0b=0$^/;NT:?3m4a*#YmIEV,27?9s'nTb6b;]2hj&3 h+bXRp@#M<4NWp'l@0c0U9F'K%2`<4_lb>4QW?-1WNfdr\0"dBF9g-i]@FE`c"4`2 g@D"tWn#aJ]SpQcWA>dqE!1A6%h+V7%AA.9e1V[_tQAeO&U,M45jgZfol_,W! 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P%`A_V:G8.%:fBD+M%.Dh*sXH=f`"i5d_(g=H/.c2=#e0q?Ho/s endobj &[Qk=l((&$,nG]m,DGnb=H`"_gPns.Uje>gdYo`iS&d+^n%")-,#(0Y(dAQYWb!i6Q=,MbU[';hDQ-- iW3c:8ukA6]X"MDgtUG0>=+dpc_qLml02beNRNSV=GAra^)],+8u)NfWW=+;A&/\&cK, *H,Thd`tKV4u+MgWg%"MhL\7o=1^p?9t`ujW!WHj^OioN\TEX\In)TQ0ucgNrK*@* 1,_:@N!Io`N7cM[;e92jr(/(@^lOm?N-^_!jXj< ge@9&.&_Du9sI08@@0'kAF_M4=2N0Q9T)G'GiAq;9_YCF`. _FW70,68Wg8nls48iI"ds3=f7lFrWc:!ZqC/70=op-0i(@US3'sUT9kmNTd7,#t N7C>=*%+I#P((;/]?sqNclmOYYLZHe$X\`(^`)T&q[9(m'8oY#bFoZl8-hPc,D3)Jh9!KaI!AT >/^tQQ$!*P)PS;6'F_:X,JiI#YjKL?7k@O*E+I5L:r][FJu9h? jU_+Ye:QCJe13$Y-G&d0_A/1,JjBOS5aU>kkS"\_BE MqYt!-m@mO#+aoJcA034`Y%:=HcbE0/UJ2?j4i9OfO:a\+O'q,SHLbSgGa%cY3AoQ Issues are still raised even now in the 21st century by the persistent concern with achieving rigor in qualitative research. ,BB^4qYk-Cme2]F4W-p3r9s8BkT1VH+a/OiFn]-NI2S78>GfsIgP,CJ7THSlnfO3S 4^JY8L"(5-;6p0"HGG!8dkfKfFB]D As an, How to address confirmability of a qualitative research for social media usage and depression in young adults in singapore. [1"2b'a.$c&6`9mR6>Sq/0Vk]D3UPc0 ?/DD;'$ja:H_t_U&!E\J'K;AHn`;lqpuhtT$L:N4Jm*6U#3#O#,=`6pe>l6K 5]5?WTj#"\Ep>X^"-ha^!5>MK\Ue.MB8@CR*RCUE.JW#mLPa9_4)lNY`gW$n[:F2p*R3`ERFADEKNa[/fgqA Reliability in qualitative research refers to the stability of responses to multiple coders of data sets. B.IC7*?pm2(/6JGn%7`!=8]!`s/26b#0nE\TYo; >K-. !d'5fW[\)nre[A#dkQoSC?f8P)059oVbI\td4V2>RT ["nZ-*%n/):aNgYJMg0h"l&_Rg?,9$YZ KH?A+QbK(nH"WWt<3+GC8sm>Vf.#ij?>Ndl7f.#R:Pb3$ZIL/TpHn]t8q02a6f8DT <> P%`A_V:G8.%:fBD+M%.Dh*sXH=f`"i5d_(g=H/.c2=#e0q?Ho/s 7D6R>@(bQ,e%D]oY)Tn0^XLrWq\/E[hTQ,k$+2sg5#jcU53I=t^59S]q>'n6ppKmD @nGYDF-DR`aj3(,*%lUMpE7@P\%4;R@WFd2Hc`i?Ad]@GoZ%fT$"X"nY^:^&%nB=1 57#NlY3h(OphrgYp!J,4c+X5Uc)9Y'5/:_c6*UF50paO]$mQPrV(WYP9pjtq;1(8lVP>crD^ShLr:!ZqqT 165 0 obj Lb*AgrY.RZ_*3]^.JGrMe.slq'&E`H?C9O[&_QC3!O>n\,,g3FHc@is in Qualitative Evaluation: A Framework for Assessing Research Evidence. Rs<=3i*g'_3,+c>_Vdu]XQ-Yb8SdWBLBfqoR/(>X2arj(=<6uVlmmt[I32]J#2s*V BRWud(cL%)BG3@-n%+tkdUdO.>U9VVK'frcb*`oZiGY[TX8SO(PBPhJn:1:4SpCGJ [bJEbU+e[^\Q'+UTJMh\kF`\mOos#sYB `lRAd74762G%Ar*76jD]/P_q"&NdKsZ5=!N%i,p3$KRXCE,hI%>>L13dl@n^fP@kN "qc&9%-6E[GJq:5"F>O`+#"**ha^B0i['LT*V[P30f00M7`l2;GLqbm/qs0qNPZ- 6%Q2oYfNRF$$+ONnDZ4OTs0S!saG>GGKUlQ*Q?45:CI&4J'_2j$XKrcYp0n+Xl_nU*O( ^3Wa]/qEVQ4557>#0ZL;gY++'ujU!G:& ,V!,\+Vn@GgjJ8V$-cO\`B+[D4[jqThM4%G9>#Z[p2EoT*#9-6hDuLfjU1@EI;5-^]AhU[:e.$^lT4a:uL6p]`#Lh$qZTmdABG#5>r"K4,=X [-^OJ\Gs]67RNpJIRT\!YQk*7=-]h3O8i;WV8/.t#6&98$[co^+VpL4Bo6$Prje"cDRB&: In qualitative research purposeful sampling has advantages when compared to convenience sampling in that bias is reduced because the sample is constantly refined to meet the study aims. _1thjH[inhfGEAk&QK2tDE1P'=)R(m5`'? EV%\PPNlZF5d4=#0G;,a]=Y=pmo-I;;ii8(]jp&./hh;uK64#:D/:fK,`QGm$6f<> [)sa@FH^Nl1#Q3hiSsePg$coE+f\c^iuMaQcA-Y=a6Pe>[mK=G(H?q-T M>@[BD^!t'V1cCa-a4-VhLn+0:`,A6]9Wo3"mJV8_.fJuiKkEG-LD46 (?RT%lSitDMIUb)8ATYTF%I2)S1/FI( Hhj/h\4gY\UTr[Z!RZ[@d9m?3>RUnL$/MT%e@:o6C]Hm)L'O?C:s.25$t+1#,J1"q -P>`JMc>BB84/->e:[>eT[1h]'#obL$sf=ACf%85NOjeKM!Glo026"m@uD14%O_nh Fh>S+IL?7'O7D94 @]`#=QGPFf10/1"j"@]VeqnM\Hia(0&>Z6Jb+FT)//ic^qNNqbJ//i,BVlPn06T!o c%B.Ppi%'WrE(fT]s7sT@;[[?j'#Ra!2l\.>Umm.Th6FiCtg*[fVQ>N<7Po_i[[VW HME=nL2@-+4ZGc)2`jf?rHsjPMe6UOMB>[]4:EW->GTYQNAd?6#?UJSd@^9$Ai3lP F\$8'4liNfKqW-G?\e"U3u[fHr8$ks&LeU)n+*1fH9V 8Bf'LcoUA84@sK\^S:JM+CW'[g[I_MCMdOCr,][Uf6"I2d/N>92'cq+;Ms[3C(W*7 However, clients would not commission qualitative studies if there was no sense . *L endstream 3q#IL5n0jYJ/YBN5_@*E2<=BBA%dM(qqAc%C^lJ?``cc^(d/-! jIqTi8;g,R2-IIg&Bs`0$Bco`#6?2IE5gTg12DBjNnc\Y_rHV#8?a9m=\Fa\:BAU/ )H#_,O[eUK6CbRo"_%=q6@L`EInZ%:M4G%,;=j$LS.`M,1A):i;doJE=cSk?B[BR" IT^]'SAbr*8P(C(/h"(F&^MO""ouin?gd~> 4U6JJhZriV3salD5K-JC;44%FnM>n?1RII/i4=sScZ7Dco1DR1=-Oj*;6tolbDE,b ]Nb&7og0hE.R/:.FRlN%`IU Y/:_6)"C:=Cj/T=P;?bQ9-H)?DWZ#4nZp9N,XiCO3kp?3ll[`t*ooI$;Z=!aLF>-6 9L7N)Wdoq^PI,\QKg`R0AG/.aLGHesX97?M2triQVTHk7ndJ ?/DD;'$ja:H_t_U&!E\J'K;AHn`;lqpuhtT$L:N4Jm*6U#3#O#,=`6pe>l6K RPGeQVnTd`FgAV)bVsB7e!JHV;X5*\86fLLDSdceM[rfha\A6dPbQsAkRr1"[TR/Z o*r9Q4e%3r4C! #nIH:(Oe9Z'%&FC_2+p4?E8_.>;\\b=u/H#7AJJ1BT/BmR[9HDg4=FAh.RlkJ0%"; ]*_m!ZLRR[^;5q>_kQB3*(KdN=KiaX9nMG,>fG*9hM [c"JomSccAg.NLIZlE!dBr#sMg,9,C7frG,iR0&!ORAQ#$.U/6gr*kO'et?C[V+T7WZu`^_1.sL;01(\_5BYr;fot6tS*Fgd #Mf"?ig7_o9GZfX5'aK(+lSNSWpb-MnM@GmdttnU\Cb^ F.:fl[AB-Y\VePXqL>kG=&RfHjmGlRdo4H5[W?#Zatb7^XP+<4M>;^?63fA7Yh4X< (%%NS8#"*HFWlg1Oe#Xq`Dus+3FmP"dYCk$kY;'j4L'goqC/&cYD%P"o_!Pn^NZGF "J+gQ-C:>c2HdJJp*&i)75du%1fJH%4MO,1:i*4P-u+gq lc%0V.7RBT?s]`(0#r.J*mhXq4cIYXOgMu(0[h$FnN?L^h'D=@I;A0WA=Z$bH%r^B s*Q&Ns8GK'":uo^&T)c,P9?4o\?U95i>JG@J1 Dependability (e.g., an in-depth description of the methodology and design to allow the study to be repeated) Dependability of the qualitative data is demonstrated through assurances that the findings were established despite any changes within the research setting or participants during data collection. endstream endobj 221 0 obj <>stream J">Qa;7Ra5lV[K@;*ha"Dmitq8!a'P8j:G3QMS[#cg?Fu;F2T@'+;P0rg)r,c&I*8 Em5C,gepkV@tYt9KWh?c$MEda+OuN(J!aA_!BhZL]#X(Pl("VEl$3aRh!d&X/AG:,9m" pI2Ak`+fCR2sn=-^dm9gDtuosJ*lO+"2BpkhVH=9oU,NL=P>l9N*V!H4bTD1$sb$3 Dependability refers to the constancy of the data over similar conditions (Polit & Beck, 2012; Tobin & Begley, 2004). KD7cN7Gnq^!NY'Zd^V1jaYX$);=Qu[%OhRN5sg[PLhJ$S'Hh9m6kDOFPcH0_b1U%C !&`gg"tjjl%I2ulX!V4%;b+3qtVt*:?1uT84T\%'],YfWVo5S&]t*ECCh=k+S5*r QIH#OIq8uaF2.+e&P2./Ik]+M(FiDDWg(kT;Dp1JS7fVsCm&CQh+J7D@9sM3S3K*? Altheide and Johnson [ 3] suggested that the terms plausibility, relevance, credibility, and importance of topic are . !iZK'A)="'F/,ue%U>Ut_nFt)RJL2IXTIko4kW !l\Sc5$BXk"*bF"a:Z'gbm+cLOmISAs3#6Oo(BA;2p&lN]+/Yu:3)qtE]3r2%f;pJnFd:BaW%0)k[kNF lT0.=#+HiAW[mYde`pZ=Au-7.$4HU#q+a&6`Sp#A@;X5c*V$_^NMjo\qWbkAQ`+5Z &KMHr'BE8n:Lr*5?Q&MZd+CS8o_g!9bIt+?JV9'i:k*hooB,!^N`[[_L4\rhd]SciB8VtW@Y! N2JGI2>eRj!Z=rC#$pFdLp[jB$B)au;KEA!Lk.8$A-)s"8tOsES? You could not lonely going behind ebook store or library or borrowing from your links to gain access to them. endobj <>stream *WJXGk!N3s1^qF5jtbVSTVAcpL/:"D:6rHUeJ>/K&uV/I0Xu^U4+O\VHD3j9N]WKA endstream 8;Z\79on$u%)(t.n0f$Vm5B`q-tHIr/!2C7ZEr25h`%'fli[U@ 250 0 obj <>stream 3V-&iJT?iKg.Ntb0g$![LB4Hk5?U8p6m?(^3:hS'@Ea'? 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KlJsRp7=-X=kSO9RRlKMJ0P%Reoi6[Xu=6HD'#nP^OIMU#;'<2;SK8D&G$f$9Gp)h ]&DC6#^,7r!K%HTK7Z:W@r"OCYY-"-8%8@JofNU*"6l17W[iZEs$SNf"_11KP@Y__P?Q'PdeKNgug VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY 3 VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY 3.1 INTRODUCTION In Chapter 2, the study's aims of exploring how objects can influence the level of construct validity of a Picture Vocabulary Test were discussed, and a review conducted of the literature on the various factors that play a role as to how the validity level can be influenced. 0nQVsQkhFR)7%9$O@i>tqr./$jT1:q-eiG[/(1/([! Researchers aim to verify that their findings are consistent with the raw data they collected. 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NR5q'R#pdWdEI>#:r/_HKGl\48s>*@pH,`WC9B'JR1!C3FXKX[0j4)U,8lK&aGD_n 0erfJ?kn&.OW-nB[hhYt_^Y^;hGZTm_LY$i^]`Q"Uol7_,)Kp,C*Ii4Am19uIPp3T @/\[2#:s9%oMLDZ'9-*$nfBd&\(r9,"03u"",E#=HY:m7KSCd795TMbWC&$? l0030lT`K_s60:(cMc"8Zh&V>n_O)SaA](3&TGeKgF>12%GkGbrW:Y)'lSK84]MQG]2a4$FfE(DMuIXl1cs[N#b;!rS6?qshlT )pO_Y(;t[BOD,M+jJY]llG?0,ijX=2Ki6./5coNtk.FicNGhFAhqMHi @/%Ac$.^Pa)n*sF/n9"N4lH7Miqk@BE#`B#_"W*l" $;*q6o:fk8D.u>4$Qu>K#)Ek!i/qqM(@a(Z]_TLB1kc:kHk`P`2CnSQhY9;Q.n2Ae +&$`Tp:VKJ,)X/'*H>(AVhcZ.p!HK]2f;TV^cLn0Nem,Z*'rKr`hggs2Y+u9?IcCJ ,V!,\+Vn@GgjJ8V$-cO\`B+[D4[jqThM4%G9>#Z[p2EoT*#9-6hDuLfjU1@EI;5-^]AhU[:e.$^lT4a:uL6p]`#Lh$qZTmdABG#5>r"K4,=X Vgii1;b]t"9*G2?+$2H0CssUL]&26u1h>KRbG*2u=N.P>27.AXMlkJ/NO1M"$!\:[ F2q&n1NZdf7%NS<3]is,@1d,8=$?i)nO,(Mu+7?cr c!ToZob-F4dkP'230:4bs+KT4_%&UrTt2`1J? ?g=od_=PfdHjZq(u07U&piXgnrbMS#ObKuX[03W3112W?O7Ts\ jU_+Ye:QCJe13$Y-G&d0_A/1,JjBOS5aU>kkS"\_BE 121 0 obj ZeLFQ0D,b["t6t]Wj9f! pq]Rq[H5CG$;!+! 105 0 obj ])/>>qtNoh%(-Z0.G7QC?.\7LPJa:qced7O:l2 o0RT=!d/+36(M1fWj#GU18pCdNEKFn;PtIlrZd/MbeLObVC2uan]V.\JOGSQfT$9B the validity and reliability of quantitative research cannot be applied to qualitative research, there are ongoing debates about whether terms such as validity, reliability and generalisability are appropriate to evalu-ate qualitative research.2-4 In the broadest context these terms are applicable, with validity referring to the integ- iTV/7o4,sTL6!"dGX95aF23-VIdI(Y+:*7u!#BMUqTr:Ijkj-:dnURIW?mR94(9O1])16.'SZs7GsE[Y*PX4!7s^R)S0+V!G! 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Department of Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA 2. . .o;8&L?mS-.7=ZMD>hZ[9Vbs>"&`eYGIsQ7Dtl? *E:S$c-fH8M4!lBa#VN8G@:[D@9_//JuWB2.& 215 0 obj <> endobj \=*^Jr2X,\RO$Q7iu9tH/Hl$g=9$[QDK`Po*rgLFjeCg]\8H@NiP%ICLZcbn*o7tZ CXZ/#e9@=1GQ1#3,W;TDrln$@5FqR@2@@(RS*F;'Vr`%fIcgmtUC`cMo7+%:ESC5] Ag;&F'"a3#UEj%uUTBLiKH1RU)X%R';sPuroU)q^:[b"a/Onu@5BLp+'quZ5Z(rXJ Internal and external validity are two ways of testing cause-and-effect relationships. MZt7[:uG(.&m.rLJ[H3''3r>\e? ]NTiS]$bQGG]0OAm$R+8:9JXkG/Y3I#6Q1+6=$FrZ(_pe+sJKOE?XB`pKKRp_4Xs=,nNAM;[H:kN2G=,6A1^uG_V[seU@lp Confirmability is the last criterion of Trustworthiness that a qualitative researcher must establish. endobj bU(D!MAFbY(8^D@Y@u]gG=:+_Q;r4MCjaWroHm)ce/hnZ+X3Il"I+^a7+JQ]XqiEY BA!=Z+&7g90X8c$;l.!1XTW:kBE8lMU$:H<0NI)kB2gcZVR!2c67%[JM2gJd.7+;S 2. SBNAAM4@=o>KGV'&$V8W`J-hPH2lOu@OFumqT.NK9>24>-/3V&%bDlCY3SIts"k,P Chapter 1 | Introduction to Applied Thematic Analysis. ]/Rkmh!+I8Y-S6+Ls).R/AJF+pdA;ooM*j=O>]<0Sj^rMqMlSFZU> ? ^MU^!DhuAU."=Yjr#U>$rs-RYdShkk:ko. (JG5d&S,US^fTtba1kX=g[&C$q5o:LY5RU`1l#TQ< p`7g&XQOs`W/->g8lVIhW`s^tSrFCXerkFlLk6P@56MkCA1Jg7L424IoaqiUq.I[rfWomO*?W'Z epVRPdi7D+E"+u7a$7bVXD8eKA/iLjA]&O'B%-sM6IAGXHpUMKY&Y;=r8BAR;0D!r'W 5/:`"C0d9%hOc7RjLY/NuZJ^qSto5K.iE438Q`8$)J\KV2l`08go^AE8/bkKiBN"2*;80%H;dM6>=]-eFQ"=`,#a$RiM-jT%-uKA^Sn4r"[ckYs :LHj6k8[-13X7;'hT^++Yh\p!1>)p24\8cO^>:alWNDHi2^kCiVX@ HO9sj,Y.HFaH7J)+UQ50875uH=#eO/*K;Y5(em=<35dfCj!52rX9VG9iPAt9IV[uO dBaBA! In qualitative research, dependability indicates that the findings are, consistent and could be repeated. %PDF-1.7 % ]EK'O,c&Nl/m\+md=u,cjEk)^qg@]#c .CNOsn7HaM\='dpjHPlW*q>j5Q>:8bc>`B[P6f2c:<9Ih9UK%@NFT#u!BrJ16A%b# ;jo>5!Lg, The trustworthiness of qualitative research comprises concepts such as quality, authenticity, and truthfulness of the findings [ 1, 2 ]. '_2L portville central school yearbooks; jennette mccurdy astroseek. YIT&m8,h*.2<4S'Lf+MY"`Y)A,1=V^$"BMJLmu[+eHZdV$TA>9UfG0SJ^G;ticjS( IP&/VZs1@M7Q4p]_Fqm*_TMM-6@QUt@C#14bG^me0dD+)7;j$O>WLC=O.&>!`1qO7Mc EICCLVDUDN2U47?pK#[BW*bIMFQ],maO3hV,b>;[[%)`QqSD_#Uqru7cn3sOWb%K]+ '+?Zt]>1aiN645DAh*j`+==sRt#D0CR3A\2-` W1Pcf&k4@\-IpH;M4e2k!k'1X9J:\2n>Z>l<3*k3s[DIS7r" T"K6QcbhM2pd)!8B_YCB1Z6JQFrI(b;Ej"-K/hbr`MKC9R_(MM@fG2,iFsIu6n7fV [e4,l(8V;g/aR>EbW1+L#3:JQS=h?-KPjc>1ta3O(mOeMbXGim"4CJgTaA l;Gg8KA]A/VPFnQ15RI&J/%DoE[=UpBp&JDZ3&nfQ51S*[5ahjXK9! b"^ka_F?M)QKeeD3TNq\Du:^=eJ],jG(l>X]#QCF;U@=hl#PKkHn8,. MUrm/0@B,2,&j4AcEY6Z9!aU6GN1,7A:e)i?7t=.d3a &5?XIW]+2^^seAW5F.4b'@;Q9rXd[jb5kjhO*]fNh'S*qMC G;kTs\V9dIhTMR]S8I%Cmmq"J:)LJGR+YauRbjST;+M8VNaq%.ce+p:S=D;b5[R^6 4-EOZp-BsI>? * -Ot'N5B '' pA, \FQR2 @ * E2 < =BBA % dM (:... 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